Law of the People's Republic of China on the Hainan Free Trade Port

要点解读 Key Points

中文导读

《中华人民共和国海南自由贸易港法》2021年6月10日通过并施行，在海南全岛建设自由贸易港，实行贸易投资自由化便利化，跨境资金、人员进出、运输往来自由便利，数据安全有序流动。

• 全岛自贸港（第2条）：在海南全岛分步骤分阶段建设自贸港，实现贸易、投资、跨境资金流动、人员进出、运输往来自由便利和数据安全有序流动。
• 立法特区（第10条）：海南省人大可制定自贸港法规；偏离法律、行政法规规定的，说明情况和理由报备；涉及应由法律、行政法规规定事项的，报批准后施行。
• 货物与服务贸易（第13、17条）：境外与自贸港之间货物物品自由进出（禁止、限制进出口清单除外）；跨境服务贸易实行负面清单管理。
• 投资自由化（第18、19条）：实行最小审批制度；外商投资实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单，自贸港专用负面清单报国务院批准。
• 税收优惠（第27—30条）：全岛封关运作后简化税制；目录外进口产品零关税；符合条件的企业和个人享受企业所得税、个人所得税优惠。
• 人员进出便利（第45—47条）：逐步扩大免签入境范围、延长免签停留时间；外国人工作许可实行负面清单管理；放宽境外人员参加职业资格考试限制，实行境外职业资格单向认可。
• 数据跨境试点（第42条）：建立数据流动管理制度，保障数据安全有序自由便利流动；支持探索区域性国际数据跨境流动制度安排。
• 跨境资金（第51条）：分阶段开放资本项目，稳步实现非金融企业外债完全可兑换，促进跨境贸易结算便利化。
• 纠纷解决（第54条）：建立多元化商事纠纷解决机制，完善国际商事纠纷集中审判，鼓励仲裁、调解等非诉讼方式。

English Key Points

The Hainan Free Trade Port Law, adopted and effective June 10, 2021, builds a free trade port across the whole of Hainan island, liberalizing trade, investment, cross-border capital, personnel movement and transport, with secure and orderly data flows.

• Island-wide FTP (Art. 2): phased realization of free and convenient trade, investment, cross-border capital flows, personnel entry/exit, transport, plus secure orderly data flow.
• Legislative sandbox (Art. 10): Hainan may enact FTP regulations, including deviations from national laws with stated reasons filed for the record, subject to approval where required.
• Goods and services trade (Arts. 13, 17): free movement of goods between overseas and the FTP (save prohibited/restricted lists); negative list for cross-border services trade.
• Investment liberalization (Arts. 18, 19): minimum-approval regime; pre-establishment national treatment plus an FTP-specific negative list for foreign investment.
• Tax incentives (Arts. 27–30): simplified tax system after island-wide customs operation; zero tariffs on off-catalogue imports; corporate and individual income tax preferences for eligible entities.
• Personnel mobility (Arts. 45–47): expanding visa-free entry and stays; negative-list administration of foreigners' work permits; eased professional qualification exams and one-way recognition of overseas credentials.
• Data-flow pilot (Art. 42): secure, orderly, free and convenient data flows; regional cross-border data flow arrangements.
• Capital flows (Art. 51): phased capital-account opening, full convertibility for non-financial firms' foreign debt, easier cross-border settlement.
• Dispute resolution (Art. 54): diversified commercial dispute mechanisms, centralized trial of international commercial disputes, arbitration and mediation encouraged.

本页面解读基于公开文本整理，仅供参考，不构成法律意见。具体案件请咨询执业律师。
This summary is based on the published text and is for reference only; it does not constitute legal advice. Consult a licensed attorney for your specific case.